34 Dodgson’s Dictionary

Dictionaries are not closed books. There is still plenty of room for more words in these voluminous vocabulary authorities. New words are continually being created and added to our language. And many of today's wordsmiths can credit a famous mathematician with the creation of Englishman named Charles Dodgson. Dodgson in addition to working with the figures which they develop many new words. The unorthodox Lewis Carroll, we know him, however, is by the name of Dodgson beloved by generations of readers. His imaginative stories and poems have made the name of Dodgson but his pseudonym, Lewis Carroll.

Wonderland has delighted countless readers, young and old with Alice in ever, not by the Looking Glass, and numerous poems. In these works in Lewis Carroll has made the delightful nonsensical words such as "chortle" and "galumph." Many of these words eventually blended in imperceptibly with more conventional words in the English language. Carroll referred to his made-up words as "portmanteau" words, named after a kind of leather suitcase that opens into two compartments. The name was well suited, because most of Carroll's words had two compartments. Rather than being entirely fabricated, they were usually made from the combined parts of two different words. A "snark," for example, clearly came from a snake and a shark.

Although Carroll died long ago, his technique continues to be used today. We clearly see his influence in such words as smog, brunch, and guesstimate.

34 道奇森的词典

词典不是封闭的书籍，这些卷帙浩繁的词汇权威著作仍有很大空间容纳更多单词。新单词不断被创造并加入我们的语言，如今许多文字创作者都要归功于一位著名数学家——英国人查尔斯·道奇森。道奇森除了研究数学，还创造了许多新单词。我们熟知的离经叛道的刘易斯·卡罗尔，其实是道奇森的笔名，他深受几代读者的喜爱，其富有想象力的故事和诗歌让“道奇森”这个名字为人所知，但更广为人知的是他的笔名。

《爱丽丝梦游仙境》《爱丽丝镜中奇遇记》和众多诗歌让无数读者（无论老少）为之着迷。在这些作品中，刘易斯·卡罗尔创造了“chortle（咯咯笑）”“galumph（得意地走）”等有趣的 nonsense 词汇。这些单词中的许多最终潜移默化地融入了英语中更常规的词汇里。卡罗尔把他创造的单词称为“混成词”，名字来源于一种能分成两个隔层的皮革行李箱。这个名字很贴切，因为卡罗尔的大多数单词都有“两个隔层”：它们并非完全编造，而是通常由两个不同单词的部分组合而成。例如“snark（蛇鲨）”显然来自“snake（蛇）”和“shark（鲨鱼）”。

尽管卡罗尔早已去世，但他的造词技巧至今仍在被使用。我们能在“smog（烟雾）”“brunch（早午餐）”“guesstimate（猜测估计）”等单词中清晰看到他的影响。